Unit+1

Unit 1 of the AP book. this unit includes chapters one through five

=**Colonial Southern Economy**= = =

=Chapter Questions 3-5=

**A Discussion about Social Darwinism ** Under construction

**﻿The Chesapeake Region ** Beginning in 1607 the settlement of Jamestown was the beginning of the settlement of the Chesapeake region. The colony was plagued by diseases and misfortunes but the colony managed to survive unlike the English's first attempt at Roanoke. The colony of Virginia was originally property of the Virginia Company but after the company fell apart the land was the property of the king of England. Other colonies like Maryland were given to proprietors and were given king like control over the land. In Maryland the lord of Baltimore was in control. The colonies were at first were not very profitable until the introduction of tobacco. Growing tobacco was popular already in the Caribbean but in the new colonies the plant was grown in much larger numbers. Along with the crop the colonies also brought slaves over to begin harvesting the crop. The shortage of indentured servants and the growing fear of another uprising from former indentured servants also led to the introduction of slaves to the region. This increase of slave labor was the roots of the separation of ideals of the north and southern states of the later US. This economic dependency on slave would lead to the civil war. **﻿Anne Hutchinson and the Puritans ** Anne Hutchinson came to the colony of Massachusetts and immediately had a problem with the local clergy. She said that they were not among the "elect" and had not gone through a conversion experience. She quickly came to the conclusion that all the ministers were not among the elect except for her brother in law and john cotton. She also started to talk about what the women's role in puritan society. Her and her followers caused a great disturbance in the puritan society and were eventually tried for heresy after she claimed to have communicated with god which is against the puritan belief that direct interactions did not happen anymore. She was eventually banished from the colony because the colony viewed as a woman not fit for society. Anne Hutchinson was a forerunner of the later woman's suffrage movement to try to give women more rights. Also this idea of freedom for everyone started a great tone for the English colonies in America that everyone has the right to life liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

**﻿Different types of colonies ** **Royal **-owned by the king, ruled by the king through an appointed governor. **Proprietary **-owned by a single person who received the land from the king and could rule with king like powers. Proprietary colonies Carolinas, Maryland and Pennsylvania **Chartered- **a group generally merchants with the money to send colonist to America and received a charter from the king for the land. This colony could be ruled by either a private company or land owners. Chartered colonies Jamestown and Mass Bay colony **Self governing **- far rarer, the land was ruled by locally elected or selected officials and the land was owned by the people who obtained the charter from the king. Self governing colonies Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire.

**﻿Birth and Death Rates **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Availability of water, food and shelter are resources that are need to support a population. Too little and the population will dwindle.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">location is another factor because if the climate or native wildlife can negatively affect the population and it can positively affect it
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">immigration brings more people to the area who can mate and cause the birth rate to increase
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Emigration can lead to a decline in the birth rate because less people are in the population to reproduce.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">natural disaster can greatly increase the death rate
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">economy can affect the birth rate because of several reason like farmers needed children to help on the farm or wealthy people wanting to have more kids
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Economy can also affect the death rate because if the area is impoverished, they may die quicker due to lacking medical help.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">war affects the birth and death rate by killing the population and inhibiting those people to reproduce
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">War can also positively affect the population for instance after ww2 when the American soldiers returned home they created what was later called the baby boom.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Government policy can affect the birth rate for instance in china where citizens cannot have more than one child.

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 24pt;">Social Mobility **
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Social mobility refers to a person who moves through a social class. The person can move horizontally through a class where the person stays in the same social class (upper, middle, etc.) but changes their position especially in the ways of jobs. If a person moves from class to class (upper to middle, middle to upper, etc.) this is called vertical mobility. An example of moving both horizontally and vertically is being hired by a different company for an executive position when you had been previously working as a part time janitor. You moved horizontally to a different job in a different company and you moved vertically because you have moved to a position where you income is greatly increased. An example of moving downward vertically is that of a rich aristocrat that is overthrown by a revolution and looses everything.
 * 2) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Social mobility today still occurs but I fear many people may be trying to manipulate the ease at which certain people may make changes to their own life. In the economic system known as capitalism, everyone is free to do business how they want uninhibited by the government. This unregulated system opens the possibility of higher class people to advance them while they keep others from advancing. An example of this would be subprime mortgages and hedge funds. Subprime mortgages took advantage of people who did not understand the complexities of the mortgage they were agreeing to and paid for it in the end, often losing their homes. Having said that I still believe that social mobility is possible and is a common occurrence.

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 24pt;">﻿Connecting birth and death rates to social culture. ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Higher class can minimize death rate because of access to health care and they can raise the birth rates because of they have the resources to maintain bigger families.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Death rates can lead to different gender roles and power distribution due to the lack of a gender or the excess of a gender.

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 24pt;">﻿The English and slaves ** As the slave trade began the English did not justify the trade because of racism. They English viewed everyone as inferior unless they were English. They even thought the Irish and Scottish as inferior to the English. Later thought the English began to lessen their use of indentured servants because of their fear of revolt. They had to step up their use of slaves and they also began to keep the slaves for the extent of their lives, and the slaves children’s lives. This is where they started to justify the use of slaves with racism. They began to view Africans as far more inferior than other people who were not English.

=<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Chapter 3 questions = media type="custom" key="7104953"

media type="custom" key="7104939"

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 24pt;">French and Indian war ** **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 24pt;">Map observations **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the colonists were restricted to the 13 colonies by the proclamation of 1763
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The Indian reserve was far larger than the English colonies.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Florida is under British territory but is still called Spanish Florida
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">England is beginning to dominate the north American continent
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Hudson Bay Company had more land than the colonies and the Native Americans. this shows that the English government were more concerned with money than settling
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The English now control Quebec and Newfoundland. although the French still have fishing rights in parts of Newfoundland

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 24pt;">The French and Indian War ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Clashes between the English and French in colonial America quickly spread to Europe and full scale war ensued. In the beginning the English failed to defeat the French at many key points and the native allies to the French led raids on English colonists. After the British settled internal conflict with the colonist the British quickly began to take control of more and more French territory. General James Wolfe finally captured Quebec and the French soon surrendered in 1760. **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 24pt;">﻿Declaration of Independence Wordle ** media type="custom" key="7104907"

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The most prominent words of the declaration are laws, people, and states. Government colonies power and independent are the second most used words. These words were used the most because they represent what the colonists were most concerned with. The wanted a government that benefited the people. They wanted independent states and laws that were made by the people. They felt that England was abusing the power it had over the colonies. Other words that show up a lot like trial, rights and justice also their want to create a system where they felt it was more just than the way the English ruled.

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 24pt;">﻿Assumptions of Republicanism p 149 **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The republican ideals are exactly that, ideals. They are nothing more than an idea that people in history and currently have failed to act upon. Although many of the ideals are slightly realized they are never realized in whole. For the longest time people were openly citied for being of a different race, background and social class. And even still today people are discriminated against, manly for social class. One of the biggest misconceptions the republican ideals have is that they thought people would pay attention to the events in government. In fact many people do not and this undermines the rest of the republican ideals because people are not aware that there other ideals are being violated.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Citizens would be able would be able to vote and participate in government.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">all men are created equal
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The government is for the people by the people.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the people would pay attention to the government and vote on the current topics
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">social class does not affect ones political power
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">one controls ones affairs
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Independent land owners vote on political issues.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Representative Democracy
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">equal opportunity
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">meritocracy (enlightenment influences)

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 13.5pt;">﻿Centralized and decentralized powers ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Centralized <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Decentralized
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">war
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">foreign polices
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">taxes
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">healthcare
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">rights
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">expansion
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">security
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">dissipater aid
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">education